A consumption-based, adaptable budget impact model for high-cost reserve antibiotics shows overall stable use from 2021–2024 but a shift toward pricier agents (notably meropenem/vaborbactam and cefiderocol), projecting three-year costs of €10.1–€11.3 million and providing a simplified tool for hospitals to anticipate financial impact, support stewardship, and inform budget planning.
A systematic review found that socioeconomic evaluations of antimicrobial resistance rely predominantly on data from high-income countries and human health, highlighting substantial evidence gaps for comprehensive One Health assessment.
Clinical success in a multicentre Italian Day Hospital cohort (n=108; median age 66.5) was 86.9%, with similar outcomes across registered and off‑label indications; adverse events were rare (4%) and mild, renal function stayed stable, and TDM was avoided in 94%. The LAL-based outpatient model replaced 1,652 inpatient bed‑days with 167 visits, saving >€629k, preserving ~502 workdays (€119,647), preventing an estimated 7.2 HAIs (additional €36k–€76k averted), and proving clinically non‑inferior yet far more operationally and economically efficient
A large real-world Chinese study demonstrated that multidrug-resistant organism infections substantially increase hospital stay, healthcare costs and mortality under the DRG payment model, supporting stronger infection prevention and antimicrobial stewardship strategies.