A new review highlights wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) as a potential cost-effective approach for monitoring antimicrobial resistance within a One Health framework. By tracking antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) across hospitals, farms, communities and other sources, WBS could help identify AMR hotspots, dissemination pathways and emerging resistance trends. However, broader implementation requires standardized sampling and sequencing, improved data interpretation, adequate infrastructure and robust privacy and governance frameworks. International coordination and long-term investment will be essential to integrate WBS into global AMR surveillance strategies.

A narrative review highlights carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) as a major and evolving AMR threat in Europe, driven particularly by carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae, high-risk clones and mobile resistance elements. Despite established European surveillance networks, substantial differences remain across countries in diagnostic and genomic capacity, reporting, infection prevention and control, and antimicrobial stewardship. The authors call for integrated microbiological, genomic, epidemiological and antimicrobial-consumption surveillance within a One Health framework, alongside harmonized indicators and strengthened healthcare preparedness to improve detection and control of CRE across Europe.

A retrospective study evaluated 387 orthopaedic patients with MDRO wound infections between 2020 and 2024. MRSA was the predominant pathogen (66.9%), while ESBL-producing isolates frequently showed resistance to several commonly used antibiotics. An ARIMA time-series model based on five years of surveillance data showed good predictive performance (mean error 7.82%) and was used to forecast monthly MDRO isolation rates for 2025. The findings suggest that time-series modelling could complement antimicrobial susceptibility testing and surveillance to support infection prevention and control strategies.

The multicentre Italian SUSANA cohort evaluated 173 patients with MDR P. aeruginosa pneumonia and/or bloodstream infections, most commonly treated with ceftolozane-tazobactam (64.7%) or ceftazidime-avibactam (20.2%). Monotherapy was used in 64.2% of patients and prolonged/continuous infusion in 69.4%. Overall 28-day mortality was 23.7%; neither combination therapy nor prolonged/continuous infusion was independently associated with improved survival. Instead, septic shock (aHR 4.10) and ICU admission (aHR 2.53) were independently associated with increased mortality, highlighting baseline disease severity as a major prognostic factor